The Bone Buttress Theory: The Effect of the Mechanical Loading of Bone on the Osseointegration of Dental Implants

doi:10.3390/biology10010012

★ Alto impactoQ1 · Immunology and MicrobiologyImpact Factor · 3.37

AutoresDavid Chávarri‐Prado, Aritza Brizuela‐Velasco, Ángel Álvarez‐Arenal, Markel Diéguez-Pereira, Esteban Pérez-Pevida, Iratxe Viteri-Agustín, Alejandro Estrada-Martínez

Por qué importa

Este estudio experimental en modelo animal evalúa el impacto de la carga mecánica ósea, simulada mediante ejercicio en cinta rodante, sobre la osteointegración de implantes dentales. Se investigó cómo la estimulación mecánica afecta variables clave como la estabilidad primaria y secundaria del implante, medida por el ISQ, el crecimiento óseo vertical, el contacto hueso-implante (BIC) y el porcentaje de matriz ósea inmadura y regenerada. Los resultados sugieren que la carga mecánica promueve un mayor crecimiento óseo y una mejor estabilidad del implante, variables cruciales para el éxito a largo plazo en la práctica clínica de la implantología. Comprender esta relación puede influir en los protocolos de carga y en la planificación de tratamientos implantológicos, buscando optimizar la integración del implante y la salud ósea circundante.

Abstract original

Objectives: To determine the effect of mechanical loading of bone on the stability and histomorphometric variables of the osseointegration of dental implants using an experimental test in an animal model. Materials and Methods: A total of 4 human implants were placed in both tibiae of 10 New Zealand rabbits (n = 40). A 6-week osseointegration was considered, and the rabbits were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A (Test group) included 5 rabbits that ran on a treadmill for 20 min daily during the osseointegration period; Group B (Controls) included the other 5 that were housed conventionally. The monitored variables were related to the primary and secondary stability of the dental implants (implant stability quotient—ISQ), vertical bone growth, bone to implant contact (BIC), area of regenerated bone and the percentage of immature matrix. Results: The results of the study show a greater vertical bone growth (Group A 1.26 ± 0.48 mm, Group B 0.32 ± 0.47 mm, p < 0.001), higher ISQ values (Group A 11.25 ± 6.10 ISQ, 15.73%; Group B 5.80 ± 5.97 ISQ, 7.99%, p = 0.006) and a higher BIC (Group A 19.37%, Group B 23.60%, p = 0.0058) for implants in the test group, with statistically significant differences. A higher percentage of immature bone matrix was observed for implants in the control group (20.68 ± 9.53) than those in the test group (15.38 ± 8.84) (p = 0.108). A larger area of regenerated bone was also observed for the test implants (Group A 280.50 ± 125.40 mm2, Group B 228.00 ± 141.40 mm2), but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.121). Conclusions: The mechanical loading of bone improves the stability and the histomorphometric variables of the osseointegration of dental implants.

Leer texto completo ↗DOI · 10.3390/biology10010012

Autores Doctor&Cols

Cómo citar

Chávarri‐Prado D, Brizuela‐Velasco A, Álvarez‐Arenal Á, Diéguez-Pereira M, Pérez-Pevida E, Viteri-Agustín I, et al. The Bone Buttress Theory: The Effect of the Mechanical Loading of Bone on the Osseointegration of Dental Implants. Biology. 2020. doi:10.3390/biology10010012