Preventive antibiotic therapy in bone augmentation procedures in oral implantology: A systematic review

doi:10.1016/j.jormas.2021.01.011

Q2 · DentistryImpact Factor · 1.759

AutoresÁngel-Orión Salgado-Peralvo, María‐Victoria Mateos‐Moreno, Eugenio Velasco‐Ortega, Juan‐Francisco Peña‐Cardelles, Naresh Kewalramani

Por qué importa

Se analiza la literatura científica sobre el uso de antibióticos de forma preventiva en procedimientos de regeneración ósea para implantología oral. La creciente resistencia antimicrobiana ha generado debate sobre su indicación rutinaria. El estudio, una revisión sistemática y ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, evalúa si la profilaxis antibiótica reduce las infecciones postoperatorias y mejora la supervivencia de los implantes en cirugías de regeneración de uno o dos tiempos. La evidencia sugiere que la administración de amoxicilina una hora antes de la intervención podría disminuir la tasa de fracaso temprano en implantes de una fase y reducir la carga bacteriana en injertos óseos, lo cual es relevante para optimizar los resultados de estos procedimientos complejos.

Abstract original

Since the beginning of Oral Implantology, preventive antibiotic therapy has been routinely prescribed. However, at present, due to the growing appearance of antimicrobial resistance, its use has been questioned, generating a great debate and an emerging controversy. The present systematic review aims to analyze the scientific literature to determine whether the preventive prescription of antibiotics in augmentation procedures with the insertion of implants in one or two phases decreases the incidence of postoperative infections and/or the survival rate of the implants. The MEDLINE database was searched (via PubMed) with the following keywords: (bone grafting OR alveolar ridge augmentation OR bone graft augmentation OR guided bone regeneration OR bone block) AND (dental implants OR dental implant OR oral implantology) AND (antibiotic prophylaxis OR antibiotics). The criteria used were those described by the PRISMA® Statement. The search was limited to randomised clinical trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in the last 15 years (2005-2020). After reading the titles and abstracts of the resulting articles, only one systematic review meeting the described criteria and 4 randomised clinical trials were included. Prescription of 2 or 3 g of amoxicillin one hour before surgery is recommended to reduce the early failure rate of one-stage implants and to decrease the bacterial load of grafted bone particles in bone augmentation procedures with one or two-stage implants.

Leer texto completo ↗DOI · 10.1016/j.jormas.2021.01.011

Autores Doctor&Cols

Cómo citar

Salgado-Peralvo Á, Mateos‐Moreno M, Velasco‐Ortega E, Peña‐Cardelles J, Kewalramani N. Preventive antibiotic therapy in bone augmentation procedures in oral implantology: A systematic review. Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2021. doi:10.1016/j.jormas.2021.01.011