Prevalence of aphthous stomatitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease after the treatment with monoclonal antibodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

doi:10.4317/medoral.25528

Q2 · DentistryImpact Factor · 2.165

AutoresÁngel-Orión Salgado-Peralvo, María Montero-Alonso, Naresh Kewalramani, M. Pérez-Sayáns-García, MV. Mateos-Moreno, MR. Garcillán-Izquierdo

Por qué importa

Este estudio sistemático y metaanálisis explora la prevalencia de estomatitis aftosa en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) tras tratamiento con terapias biológicas, específicamente anticuerpos monoclonales anti-TNF y anti-integrinas como vedolizumab. Dada la alta frecuencia de manifestaciones extradigestivas en pacientes con EII, siendo la estomatitis aftosa la segunda más común, comprender el impacto de estas terapias es relevante. La investigación comparó la efectividad de ambos tratamientos en la reducción de aftas orales. Los hallazgos sugieren que ambas terapias biológicas contribuyen a una disminución de la prevalencia de estomatitis aftosa, si bien los mejores resultados se observaron con la terapia anti-TNF. El conocimiento de estas asociaciones puede ser útil para el manejo de pacientes con EII que presenten patología oral.

Abstract original

BACKGROUND: Currently, the most frequently employed therapies in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), i.e., Crohn's Disease (CD), Ulcerative Colitis (UC) or unclassified IBD (IBD-U) are monoclonal anti-TNFs and anti-integrin therapies, such as vedolizumab (VDZ). Forty-seven per cent of these patients present extra-intestinal manifestations, the second most prevalent being aphthous stomatitis (AS). The present study aims to investigate which of the two therapies is associated with a lower prevalence of AS after treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An electronic search of the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, SCOPUS, LILACS and OpenGrey databases was carried out. The criteria used were those described by the PRISMA Statement. The search was not temporarily restricted and was updated to January 2022. The quality assessment was analyzed using the JBI Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool. RESULTS: After searching, 7 studies were included that met the established criteria. Of these, 6 analysed the prevalence of AS in CD patients and 4 in UC. A total of 1,744 patients were analysed (CD=1,477 patients; 84.69%; UC=267; 15.31%). The greatest reduction in AS prevalence was observed after anti-TNF therapy. The effect of these therapies on the prevalence of AS in patients with IBD-U could not be determined. CONCLUSIONS: Both biologic therapies achieve a reduction in the prevalence of AS in IBD patients (CD and UC). However, the best results were obtained in patients treated with anti-TNFs, possibly because VDZ is often used in patients who do not respond adequately to previous treatment with anti-TNFs and because of its intestinal specificity.

Leer texto completo ↗DOI · 10.4317/medoral.25528

Autores Doctor&Cols

Cómo citar

Salgado-Peralvo Á, Montero-Alonso M, Kewalramani N, Pérez-Sayáns-García M, Mateos-Moreno M, Garcillán-Izquierdo M. Prevalence of aphthous stomatitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease after the treatment with monoclonal antibodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal. 2022. doi:10.4317/medoral.25528