Producción científica2021· Clinical Oral Implants Research
Prevalence and risk/protective indicators of peri-implant diseases: A university-representative cross-sectional study
★ Alto impactoQ1 · DentistryImpact Factor · 4.3
AutoresMario Romandini, Cristina Lima, Ignacio Pedrinaci, Ana Araoz, Maria Costanza Soldini, Mariano Sanz
Por qué importa
Un estudio transversal realizado en una clínica universitaria evaluó la prevalencia de las enfermedades periimplantarias y los factores asociados a la periimplantitis. Los resultados revelan una alta frecuencia de estas patologías a nivel de paciente e implante, subrayando la importancia de una detección temprana y un manejo adecuado. Se identificaron como indicadores de riesgo el tabaquismo, periodontitis moderada/severa, menor número de dientes remanentes, presencia de placa, malposición del implante, marca específica del implante, tipo de restauración (prótesis fija frente a corona unitaria) y el traumatismo como causa de la pérdida dental. Por otro lado, el uso de hilo interdental o cepillos interproximales, los inhibidores de la bomba de protones y los anticoagulantes mostraron un efecto protector. Estos hallazgos son cruciales para la práctica clínica diaria, permitiendo una mejor evaluación del riesgo y el diseño de estrategias preventivas y de mantenimiento personalizadas para los pacientes portadores de implantes dentales.
Aim To evaluate the prevalence of peri‐implant diseases and to identify risk/protective indicators of peri‐implantitis. Materials and Methods Two hundred and forty randomly selected patients from a university clinic database were invited to participate. Those who accepted, once data from their medical and dental history were collected, were examined clinically and radiographically to assess the prevalence of peri‐implant health and diseases. Peri‐implantitis was defined as the presence of BoP/SoP together with radiographic bone levels (BL) ≧2 mm. An intermediate peri‐implant health category between peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis was also identified, defined by the presence of BoP/SoP together with 1 mm ≦BL < 2 mm. A multilevel multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify those factors associated either positively (risk) or negatively (protective) with peri‐implantitis. Results Ninety‐nine patients with a total of 458 dental implants were analyzed. The prevalences of pre‐periimplantitis and of peri‐implantitis were, respectively, 31.3% and 56.6% at patient‐level, while 31.7% and 27.9% at implant level. The following factors were identified as risk indicators for peri‐implantitis: smoking (OR = 3.59; 95% CI: 1.52–8.45), moderate/severe periodontitis (OR = 2.77; 95% CI: 1.20–6.36), <16 remaining teeth (OR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.05–4.73), plaque (OR = 3.49; 95% CI: 1.13–10.75), implant malposition (too vestibular: OR = 2.85; 95% CI: 1.17–6.93), implant brand (Nobel vs. Straumann: OR = 4.41;95% CI: 1.76–11.09), restoration type (bridge vs. single crown: OR = 2.47; 95% CI: 1.19–5.12), and trauma as reason of tooth loss (vs. caries: OR = 6.51; 95% CI: 1.45–29.26). Conversely, the following factors were identified as protective indicators: interproximal flossing/brushing (OR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.11–0.68), proton pump inhibitors (OR = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01–0.90), and anticoagulants (OR = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01–0.56). Conclusions Peri‐implant diseases are highly prevalent among patients with dental implants in this university‐based population. Several factors were identified as risk‐ and protective‐ indicators of peri‐implantitis.
Romandini M, Lima C, Pedrinaci I, Araoz A, Soldini MC, Sanz M. Prevalence and risk/protective indicators of peri-implant diseases: A university-representative cross-sectional study. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2021. doi:10.1111/clr.13684
