Does the Prosthetic Phase of Dental Implants Justify the Prescription of Preventive Antibiotics in Healthy Patients? A Systematic Review

doi:10.1563/1548-1336-49.1.93

Q4 · DentistryImpact Factor · 0.71

AutoresÁngel-Orión Salgado-Peralvo, Andrea Uribarri, Juan-Francisco Peña-Cardelles, Naresh Kewalramani, Jorge Luis Garnier Rodríguez, Eugenio Velasco-Ortega

Por qué importa

Se ha revisado la literatura para determinar si la prescripción rutinaria de antibióticos preventivos durante la fase protésica de los implantes dentales está justificada en pacientes sanos. La investigación se centró en evaluar si el uso de estos fármacos, en comparación con su no administración, reduce la incidencia de complicaciones infecciosas en procedimientos como la segunda fase quirúrgica, la toma de impresiones y la colocación de la prótesis. Los hallazgos sugieren que, en general, no existe un beneficio claro que justifique la relación riesgo-beneficio de la terapia antibiótica preventiva en esta etapa. Sin embargo, se identifica una posible indicación en cirugías de segunda fase o cirugías plásticas peri-implantarias de larga duración o que impliquen injertos de tejido blando extensos, recomendando pautas específicas para estos casos ante la falta de evidencia robusta.

Abstract original

Recently published surveys data show that the routine prescription of preventive antibiotics (PA) in the prosthetic phase of dental implants is more common than might be expected. The present study aimed to answer the PICO (population, intervention, comparison, and outcome) question in healthy patients starting the implant prosthetic phase, does the prescription of PA compared with not prescribing PA decrease the incidence of infectious complications? by a systematic literature review. A search was performed in 5 databases. The criteria employed were those described in the PRISMA Declaration. Studies included were those that provided information on the need to prescribe PA in the prosthetic phase of implants, that is, in second-stage surgeries, impression-taking, and prosthesis placement. The electronic search identified 3 studies that met the established criteria. The prescription of PA in the prosthetic phase of implants does not show a justified benefit/risk ratio. Preventive antibiotic therapy (PAT) may be indicated in the second stages or in peri-implant plastic surgery procedures lasting more than 2 hours and/or where soft tissue grafts are used extensively. In these cases, given the current lack of evidence, it is recommended to prescribe 2 g of amoxicillin 1 hour before surgery and, in allergic patients, to prescribe 500 mg of azithromycin 1 hour preoperatively.

Leer texto completo ↗DOI · 10.1563/1548-1336-49.1.93

Autores Doctor&Cols

Cómo citar

Salgado-Peralvo Á, Uribarri A, Peña-Cardelles J, Kewalramani N, Rodríguez JLG, Velasco-Ortega E. Does the Prosthetic Phase of Dental Implants Justify the Prescription of Preventive Antibiotics in Healthy Patients? A Systematic Review. Journal of Oral Implantology. 2023. doi:10.1563/1548-1336-49.1.93