Por qué importa
Este ensayo clínico aleatorizado evalúa el impacto de la altura del pilar intermedio (1.5, 2 y 3 mm) y el momento de su colocación (inmediata o diferida) en la pérdida ósea marginal alrededor de implantes unitarios en el sector posterior. Los hallazgos sugieren que el uso de pilares inmediatos de 2-3 mm de altura se asocia con una menor pérdida ósea marginal a los 12 meses, en comparación con pilares inmediatos de 1.5 mm o cualquier tipo de pilar colocado de forma diferida. Estos resultados son relevantes para optimizar los protocolos de rehabilitación implanto-soportada, buscando minimizar la reabsorción ósea y mejorar la longevidad de las restauraciones, lo cual es un objetivo fundamental en la práctica clínica diaria.
Abstract original
OBJECTIVES: To determine the most effective combination of abutment height and timing of placement in reducing marginal bone loss (MBL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 54 patients received at least one single screw-retained crown on an implant replacing a posterior tooth (60 implants). Implants were divided into six groups based on intermediate abutment height (1.5 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm) and timing of placement (immediate: surgery 1; delayed: surgery 2): Group A3I (height 3, surgery 1), Group A2I (height 2, surgery 1), Group A15I (height 1.5, surgery 1), Group A3D (height 3, surgery 2), Group A2D (height 2, surgery 2), Group A15D (height 1.5, surgery 2). Mesial and distal linear radiographic measurements were taken at five follow-up points: implant surgery, crown placement (T1), and 3 (T2), 6 (T3), and 12 months after loading (T4). Partial and total MBL were compared between groups. RESULTS: After 12 months, the lowest MBL was found in groups A3I (0.13 ± 0.11 mm) and A2I (0.24 ± 0.11 mm), with no statistical difference between them. Groups A15I (0.70 ± 0.12 mm), A3D (0.66 ± 0.11 mm), A2D (0.62 ± 0.12 mm), and A15D (0.78 ± 0.11 mm) showed significantly higher MBL than groups 1 and 2, with no statistical difference among them. CONCLUSIONS: Immediate abutments of 2-3 mm resulted in lower MBL compared to 1.5 mm immediate abutments or any delayed abutments. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study provides data on the optimal combination of intermediate abutment height and placement timing in preventing MBL. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical trial registration number: NCT06667531. link: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06667531 .
